eng Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poland Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Silvarum Colendarum Ratio et Industria Lignaria 16440722 2025-12-30 24 4 article Wojciech Szewczyk 1 Katedra Entomologii i Fitopatologii Leśnej, Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy w Poznaniu Root rot caused by Heterobasidion spp. is one of the most destructive diseases affecting temperate forest trees, resulting in substantial economic and environmental losses. This review synthesizes current knowledge on the effects of climate change on the biology, epidemiology, and management of this pathogen under Polish conditions. Key climatic drivers – rising mean temperatures, milder winters, prolonged droughts, and more frequent windthrows – extend the period of pathogen activity and increase the risk of stump and root infections. The paper discusses the seasonality of sporulation, root-to-root transmission, and environmental factors shaping the spatial dynamics of disease outbreaks. It further analyzes how temperature and precipitation anomalies weaken host physiology, enhancing susceptibility to infection. Optimal conditions for sporulation, mycelial growth, and fruiting are summarized, highlighting the projected shifts in infection risk under a warming climate. The review emphasizes the need to improve preventive biological control methods, particularly the widespread use of Phlebiopsis gigantea-based treatments, which are now the primary and recommended means of preventing stump infections by Heterobasidion annosum s.l. Finally, it advocates for integrated silvicultural and protection strategies – guided by climate projections and regional pathogen pressure scenarios – aimed at increasing forest resilience through species diversification, stand reconstruction, and adaptive management. The paper provides a scientific basis for developing adaptive forest management strategies in response to intensifying climatic and epidemiological threats from Heterobasidion spp. https://www.forestry.actapol.net/volume24/issue4/32_4_2025.pdf Heterobasidion spp. climate change root pathogens stumps forests biological control forest protection fungal diseases eng Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poland Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Silvarum Colendarum Ratio et Industria Lignaria 16440722 2025-12-30 24 4 article Mariusz R. Szczepański 1 Wojciech Szewczyk 2 Muzeum Przyrodniczo-Łowieckie w Uzarzewie k. Poznania, Polska Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy w Poznaniu, Katedra Entomologii i Fitopatologii Leśnej, Poznań, Polska Introduction. The Jewish population began to settle in the areas north of the Noteć River at the turn of the 15th and 16th centuries. One of the traces of the presence of this nation in the city is the Jewish Hill – the former burial place of Jews, which has survived to this day. This former Jewish cemetery is also characterized by its unique dendroflora. Material and methods. The circumference and height of the trees were measured in March 2024 and 2025, while the health condition was determined in August 2024. The classification of Kamiński and Czerniak (2000) was used to determine the condition of plants. Results. In the study area, 188 specimens of trees, shrubs, and climbers belonging to 21 species from 16 families were inventoried. The most numerous were Norway maples (Acer platanoides), common hawthorns (Crateaegus monogyna), and English oaks (Quercus robur). The shrub layer was dominated by European black elder (Sambucus nigra), snowberry (Symphoricarpos albus), and common lilac (Syringa vulgaris). Common ivy (Hedera helix) was also quite abundant. The most numerous trees were those with circumferences ranging from 30 to 99 cm and heights ranging from 11 to 25 m. The health condition of most inventoried specimens was very good or good. Of the 30 English oaks, 18 are designated as natural monuments. Conclusions and summary. The Jewish Hill in Złotów is an important place in the city in terms of history. It also stands out thanks to the dendroflora that grows there. A group of magnificent pedunculate oaks is protected. In addition to oaks, the former Jewish cemetery also grows: elms, chestnut trees, ashes, lindens and Scots pine. https://www.forestry.actapol.net/volume24/issue4/33_4_2025.pdf dendroflora matzevot lapidarium Jewish cemetery Złotów eng Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poland Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Silvarum Colendarum Ratio et Industria Lignaria 16440722 2025-12-30 24 4 article Robert Kuźmiński 1 Artur Chrzanowski 1 Izabela Kępińska 2 Gabriela Bohaczewska 2 Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy w Poznaniu, Katedra Entomologii i Fitopatologii Leśnej, Poznań, Polska Sekcja Entomologiczna Koła Naukowego Leśników UPP, Poznań, Polska This paper presents results of an inventory of butterflies found in forest meadows of the Wolin National Park. The study was conducted in 2024 as part of a project aimed at determining species diversity of Macrolepidoptera in the WNP. The linear transect method was used, supplemented by additional observations. Twenty-six species belonging to six families were identified. All the Rhopalocera species found in the Park are common butterflies in Poland’s fauna. As the presented results refer to a single research season, they should be treated as preliminary information. https://www.forestry.actapol.net/volume24/issue4/34_4_2025.pdf Lepidoptera moths National Park nature conservation faunistics Wolin National Park eng Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poland Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Silvarum Colendarum Ratio et Industria Lignaria 16440722 2025-12-30 24 4 article Andrzej Czerniak 1 Małgorzata Górna 1 Poznan University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Department of Forest Engineering The aim of the conducted study was to assess functionality of the overpass constructed over national road no. 5. The analysed wildlife passage has been accepted and is used by wild animals. This paper compared the migration structure from the years 2008/2009 as well as 2017 and 2018. A prototype monitoring set was used in this study. A hypothesis was adopted that within almost 10 years a change took place in the wildlife migration structure both in terms of the species and the number of animals. The observations showed that during the investigated period the number of migrating animals increased almost 2-fold. Representatives of new species, including wolves and elks, appeared at the wildlife passage. In the case of red deer the number of migrating animals increased several fold. The analyses showed that a well-designed and properly situated wildlife passage effectively minimises the road barrier effect. https://www.forestry.actapol.net/volume24/issue4/35_4_2025.pdf wildlife overpass migration road Poland eng Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poland Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Silvarum Colendarum Ratio et Industria Lignaria 16440722 2025-12-30 24 4 article Andrzej Mazur 1 Radosław Witkowski 1 Tomasz Klejdysz 2 Andrzej Łabędzki 3 Poznań University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Forestry, Department of Forest Entomology, Poznań, Poland Institute of Plant Protection, National Research Institute, Poznań Ekspertyzy i Doradztwo Naukowo Badawcze, Rakownia Between 2023 and 2025, research was conducted on the occurrence of saproxylic beetles in the Drawa National Park. Barrier traps suspended on weakened and dying trees of the following forest-forming species were used to catch the beetles: Pinus sylvestris, Picea abies, Qurcus robur, Fagus sylvatica, Alnus glutinosa and Betula pendula. Among the beetles caught, relict species from the European list of species associated with natural forests were found: Aesalus scarabaeoides (Panz.), Colydium elongatum (Fabr.), Dicerca alni (Fisch.), Gasterocercus depressirostris (Fabr.), Grynocharis oblonga (L.), Hesperus rufipennis (Grav.), as well as species that are rare in Poland: Euracmaeops septentrionis (Thoms.), Bothrideres bipunctatus (Gmelin), Hyperisus plumbeum (Ill.), Isorhipis melasoides (Castel.), Microrhagus lepidus (Rosenh.), Opilio mollis (L.), Stenagostus rhombeus (Ol.) and Synchita undata (Guérin). For the species listed, their locations in the park, comments on the environment and general data on their distribution in Poland are provided, together with comments on the possibilities for protecting the populations of the species listed. https://www.forestry.actapol.net/volume24/issue4/36_4_2025.pdf Primeval forest relict beetles saproxylic beetles Central Europe